Apparatus for converting hydrocarbon oils



Nov. 30 1926. 0 1,609,001

B. B. SCHNEIDER APPARATUS FOR CONVERTING HYDROCARBON OILS Filed June 12,l

ts-Shee'li 1 .DEPHLEGMAT/A/G TOWER PIPE STILL NOV- B. B. SCHNEIDERAPPARATUS FOR CONVERTING HYDROCARBON OILS Filed June 12, 1925 2Sheets-Sheet 2 f Patented Nov. 30, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN B. SCHNEIDER, OF WILMETTE, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO STANDABD' OIL(10., OF WRITING, INDIANA, A CORPORATION OF INDIANA.

AIPARATUS FOR CONVERTING HYDROCARBON OILS. v

Application filed June a, 1925. Serial No. 36,597,

The present invention relates to improvements in apparatus for theconversion of high boiling hydrocarbon oils into lower boiling pointhydrocarbon oils such as gasoline or the like, and will be fullyunderstood from the following description, illustrfal-teg. bytheaccompanying drawings, in w Figure 1 is a side elevation showing dia--grammatically apparatus for carrying the invention into effect; and

Fig. 2 is a plan View of a diagrammatic layout of apparatus therefor.Referring more particularly to the drawings, in Fig. '1, the numeral 5indicates a pipe still or heating coil to which oil is supplied underpressure through the line 6. In the pipe still 5 the oil is brought atleast to conversion temperatures of 720 F. or high- 2 er and preferablyto a temperature of 800 to 850 F. The oil is discharged from the pipecoil '5 before extensive conversion thereof has taken place (e. g., notover 10%) the rate of flow being such as to prevent any substantial cokeor carbon de osition within the pipes;

From the pipe coil 5 the heated oil passes through a line 7 into achamber 8, preferably lagged or alternatively mildly heated to preventsubstantial drop in temperature. In this chamber or tank the heated oilis retained. at conversion temperatures of 700 to 850 F. untilasubstantial further conversion into light products such as gasoline hastaken place. From the chamber 8 vapors pass out through a vapor line 9into a dephlegmating tower 10 of any suitable type. Unconverted oil iswithdrawn, preferably continuously, from chamber 8 through pipe 41.

Reflux formed in tower 10 is discharged from the base of the tower tothe line 11 and is forced by a sur e pump 12 or other suit able devicethroug a line 13 into the line 6 leadin into the pipe still 5., Thetempera- 4 ture o the vapors issuin .from the tOWQllO and the provisionof re ux therein are controlled by the flow of oil through a closed coil14 provided within the dephlegmator 10, in a manner more fullyhereinafter set forth. From the dephlegmating tower 10, the

the system.

vapors of the desired low boiling products pass out through line 15 to acondenser 16, from which the condensate and cool vapors pass, preferablythrough a pressure reducing valve 17 into the receiver 18, which ismaintained at a superatmospheric pressure lower than that prevailing inthe remainder of the system. From the receiver 18 the liquid product maybe drawn off through the line 19 and vapors escape through the line 20intoa pressure gas line 21, which may be connected witha low pressuregas-line 22 by 'a suitable controllable release valve 23, A. 1 pressureof 4 atmospheres or higher, preferably 400 to 500 pounds is maintainedupon 1 As will be apparent from Fig. 2, in opera- 9 tion, a plurality ofunits such asthat shown in Fig. 1 are disposed in a battery. In Fig. 2,the various parts of each unit are designated by the same numeralsemployed in Fig. 1, those appertaining to successive units beingdesignated in addition by the sub scripts a, b, 0, etc., respectively.

As will be noted from Fig. 2, the coil 14 in the dephlegmating tower 10of the a unit is supplied with oil through the line 25. The oil, inpassing through the coil 14f, exerts the desired cooling eflect upon thevapors and is preheated. The preheated oil passes out through the line26, which is provided with a connection 27 leading to the line'6 bywhich oil is forced into the'pipes heater 5 of the b unit. -Similarly,the coil 14 of dephlegmator 10 of the b unit is supplied with oilthrough the line 28, the preheated oil leaving the coil passing outthrough the line 29 which is provided with a connection 30 leadingtotthe line 6 by which oil is supplied to the pipe heater 5 of the 0unit. It will be noted-that the line 29 is also rovided with aconnection 31 by which 011 may be supplied, if desired, from the line 29to the line 6 leadin to the heater of the a unit. Flow of oi through thelines 30 and 31 is" controlled by valves 30 and 31 respectively.Similarly, oil is sup plied to the coil 14 in the dephlegmator 10 J ofthe 0 unit through the line 32, and oil, heated in the coil 14 passestherefrom 0 through line 33 which is provided with a unit preceding thea unit (not shown).

Similarly, the charging stock line 6 of the a unit may receive preheatedoil from the coil in the dephlegmatorof a preceding unit through theline37. The lines 26, 29 and 33 are likewise provided with valve controlledconnections 38 38 and 38 leading to a manifold line 39 for preheatedstock, this manifold line being connected witha lagged or. insulatedcontainer 40. Connections 39,

39 and 39 are alsoprovided between line 39 and char ing stock lines 6*,6 and 6 of the respec ive units.

The operation may be described in con- I nection with the a and 12 unitsof the battery or installation. In each unit, the

- supply of charging stock and the" control of.

temperatures in the pipe heaters 5 and 5" respectively are independent.The necessary proportion of 011 or charging stock is forced through theline 25 into the coil 14 in the dephlegmator 10 to produce the requiredcooling and refluxing action and to permit only the vapors of thedesired product containing gasoline to leave the dephlegmator 10. Theoil from the coil 14, and

I preheated therein, passes through the line 26 and the line 27 tobecome a part of the charging stock fed into the heater 5 of the 6 unit.The proportion of oil thus fed into the bunit may, if less than theentire quantity of oil passing through the coil 14*,

be controlled by the valve in line 27, the. remainder of: the oilpassing through the line 38 into the manifold 39 and tank 40. Ifdesired, the line 27 may be completely cut off and the oil coming fromthe coil 14 be forced through the line 36 into a preceding unit, or theentire supply of oil may pass through the line 38 into the manifold 39and the tank 40, to be used as requiredin the various units to which theconnections 39, 39 and 39 are provided. Similarly, the supply of oil tothe line 28 through the coil 14 in the dephlegmator 10 of the 6 unit isindependently controlled, aid the oil from this coil passes through theline 29 either into the line 31 leading to the supply line 6 of the aunit or through the-line of the 0 unit. A connection 38 is also providedbetween the line 29 and the manifold 39. The operation in this case maybe the same as in connection with the preceding unit. A

similar mode of operation is applied in con; nection with the subsequentunits of the nstallation.

the unit which supplies vapors tothepartice ular dephleginator involved.

N o claimsare made in this application for the method of convertinghydrocarbon oils, herein described, the same being claimed in myco-pending application Serial No. 36,596,

filed June 12, 1925.

' I claim:

1. In apparatus for the conversion of hydrocarbon oils, a pluralityof-units each comprising a heating coil, in which Oil is heated toconversion temperature, an en- 'lagged chamber 'maintained at conversiontemperature into which oil'from the coil is discharged, means forwithdrawing unvaporized oil from the chamber, a dephlegmating tower,means for discharging vapors from the enlarged chamber to thedephlegmating tower, and means for forcing reflux from .thedephlegmating tower to the heating coil of the same unit; a coil in eachdephlegmating tower; means for supplying cold oil to each said coil,whereb a cooling and refluxing action is secured in the dephlegmatingtowers', and means for conducting oil from each said'coilto the heatingcoil of a unit other than that in the dephlegmating tower of which thecoil is located is a part. 1

2. Inv apparatus for the conversion of hydrocarbon oils, a plurality ofunits, each comprisinga heatingcoil in which oil is heated to conversiontemperature, an enlarged chamber maintained at conversion temperatureinto which oil' from the coil is discharged, means for withdrawingunvaporized oil from the chamber, a dephlegmating tower, means fordischarging vapors from the enlarged chamber to the dephlegmating'tower, and means for forcing reflux from the dephlegmating tower to theheating coil of the same unit; a coil in each dephlegmating tower; meansfor supplying cold oil to each said coil, whereby a cooling andrefluxing action is secured in the dephlegmating towers; means forconducting oil from each .dephlegmating tower coil to the heating coilof another unit, a reservoir, and means for \controllably conducting oilfrom each said comprising-a heating coil in which oil is heated toconversion temperature, an enlarged chamber maintained at conversion temerature into which oil" from the coil is disc arg ed, meansfor'withdrawing unvaporized oil from the chamber, a dephlegmating tower,means for discharging vapors iron; the enlarged chamber to the dephleg-H v 1,009,001 V I a mating tower, and means for forcing refluxconducting 'oil' from each dephlegmating from the dephlegmating tower tothe heat tower coil-to said reservoir, and means for. ing coil of thesame unit; a coil in each controllably conveiin oil from said reser- 10dephlegmating tower; means for supplying voir directly to t e eatingcoils of said 5 cold oil to each said coil, whereby a cooling units." VI and refluxing action is secured in the de- .phleglnating towers; arcserv'cir; means for BENJAMIN B. SCHNEIDER.

